Twitter has rapidly grown into one of
the most popular social media sites. Out
of all celebrities in today’s culture, athletes in particular have really taken
to Twitter. Sports have reached a whole
new height in popularity and Twitter has a lot to do with that. Although there have been many scandals in
sports in recent years such as performance enhancing drugs, there has been
little effect on the fan base. “Sports fans’ passion for “the game” remains incredibly
strong and sports proved how incredibly resilient it is as Americans flocked to
TV, computers, tablets and mobile screens to follow their favorite players and
teams in record numbers (Nielsen).” Not
only do athletes have Twitter accounts, but coaches, teams, branches of teams
(such as Public Relations and Marketing) do as well.
The Twitter revolution has been a dream
come true for sports fans. By following
athletes and teams the fans have easier access than ever before to the sports
world. Fans can instantly watch
highlight videos, get up to the second scores/game updates, participate in
contests and interact with their favorite players. I think Twitter has actually made it easier
than ever to be a sports fan as it filters the exact sports new that you wish
for. Today fans are obsessed with their
favorite athletes and it seems almost as if getting tweeted at, retweeted, or
followed is the new equivalent of actually meeting them.
Nine of the top hundred most followed Twitter accounts
are sports related, which really shows how popular sports has become
globally. There were two athletes who
cracked the top twenty and both were soccer players. Christiano Renaldo comes in at sixteen with
over seventeen million followers and Kaka is the twentieth most followed with
14.8 million followers (Twitter Counter).
I was not expecting this, probably because in America soccer does not
get the attention that football, baseball, basketball and hockey get. It turns out that the popularity of soccer is
quickly growing in the United States.
The 2011 MLS Cup featured two of the league’s highest profile and
marketable players in David Beckham and Landon Donovan. Their appeal translated into a
strong lift in TV viewership for the MLS Cup which was up 39% over 2010
(Nielsen). By
having two soccer players in the top twenty makes a strong case that is the
most popular sport worldwide. Lebron
James is currently the most followed American athlete ranked at sixty-ninth
with 7.8 million followers (Twitter Counter).
While Twitter has provided many great opportunities for
us to get to know our favorite athletes on a much personal level, there have of
course been some negatives to the Twitter craze. I think athletes are held on a higher
pedestal with their Twitter behavior then other celebrities. I think this is because compared to other
celebrities, athletes are often seen as representing something other than
themselves on Twitter, their team. This
has lead to the major sporting leagues instituting policies on Twitter. In 2010, Cincinnati Bengals wide receiver
Chad Ochocinco was fined $25,000 by the NFL for tweeting during a preseason
game (Thomas). “The National
Football League's ("NFL's")
new Twitter policy, which applies to players, coaches, and other team
personnel, prohibits Twitter use beginning 90 minutes before a game until
following the conclusion of media interviews after a game (Thomas).” I really do not see any fault with this new
rule, as I feel it is not asking too much from the players to stay off Twitter
and give their undivided attention during the time of the game. Although he was not fined for his comments,
former Pittsburgh Steelers running back, Rashard Mendenhall, is a perfect
example of how some athletes do not understand appropriate times to post on
Twitter. Regarding the death of Osama
Bin Laden, Mendenhall posted tweets such as, "What kind of person
celebrates death? It's amazing how people can HATE a man they have never even
heard speak. We've only heard one side..." and "We'll never know what
really happened. I just have a hard time believing a plane could take a
skyscraper down demolition style (ESPN).”
Many colleges have taken an even stricter approach to
Twitter with their athletes compared to the pro leagues. Louisville head basketball coach, Rick
Pitino, prohibits his players from using Twitter during the season (Thamel). Many universities have teamed with a company
called Varsity Monitor. “This is a computer
application that searches social media sites that athletes frequent, looking
for obscenities, offensive commentary or words like “free,” which could
indicate that a player has accepted a gift in violation of N.C.A.A.
rules (Thamel).” This has become a gray
area in college sports, as to whether this is actually an invasion of
privacy. I feel the coach and player
must establish a trust for one another but there must be ground rules.
Works
Cited:
Thomas,
Jaia A. "My Coach Won't Let Me Twitter?" The Entertainment and
Sports Lawyer 28.3 (2010): 18-9. ProQuest. Web. 5 Apr. 2013.
"Neilson
Reports ." State of the Media: Year in Sports Advertising. N.p., 24 Jan.
2012. Web. 5 Apr. 2013.
"Twitter top 100: most followers." Twitter
Counter. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Apr. 2013.
<http://twittercounter.com/pages/100>.
"Rashard Mendenhall doesn't hold back." ESPN. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Apr. 2013.
<http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/news/story?id=6471433>.
Thamel, Pete. "Tracking Twitter, Raising Red Flags." The New York Times. N.p., 30 Mar. 2012. Web. 5
Apr. 2013. <http://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/31/sports/
universities-track-athletes-online-raising-legal-concerns.html?pagewanted=all>.
Traditional media always went hand in hand with sports, giving us the recaps of games and being able to watch the games that we want on television. Now there has been a sudden change with the new media that we have today. With the Internet now readily available to us on our computers and mobile devices, “The mobile web audience among sports sites increased by 22% from November 2010 to November 2011” (Nielsen). Social media has made a huge impact on the way sports are presented to society, Twitter being one of the biggest contributors.
ReplyDeleteTwitter is a popular social media site for those who want to express their thoughts, or those who just want to follow celebrities. Athletes have become a big part of the Twitter phenomena, having their own accounts where fans are able to follow their every move. By having these Twitter accounts, athletes are able to better connect with their fans and update them on what is happening and when the next games are going to be played. Teams and even coaches have accounts as well. I know I am able to stay updated about when my teams are playing because I follow them on Twitter and look for their posts about game times, rather than having to go online and search for it, or even missing out on a game because I forgot about it. It makes it much more convenient for me to be reminded when I see it in my Twitter feed.
Although social media has brought fans closer to their favorite players and teams, it has not always benefited the players of these teams, actually causing quite a few to get into trouble. For example, Rashard Mendenhall and Tony Sanchez are two athletes who have run into some trouble for inappropriate tweets. They were required to apologize to the public because of these. College athletes have been getting into trouble as well, making their teams and their schools look bad. As Ray mentioned in his blog, some schools have even gone so far as to ban social media altogether, or have a monitoring system that requires the players to have their coach follow them on Twitter, in order to make sure they are not saying inappropriate things. Although this may seem like an invasion of privacy, I feel that this is a step in the right direction for protecting the players because it will make them think twice before posting something that may be inappropriate because they know their coaches are watching.
Although there has been many scandals and issues related to sports and social media, it has not stopped sports fans from loving the game and their favorite athletes. According to “State of the Media Year in Sports 2011,” by Nielsen, …sports fans’ passion for “the game” remains incredibly strong and sports proved how incredibly resilient it is as Americans flocked to TV, computers tablets and mobile screens to follow their favorite players and teams in record numbers.” Since the creation of social media, such as Twitter, there seems to have been an increase in viewership and fandom. This has also led to an increase in advertising because there has been so much live content. According to “Years in Sports Advertising: TV Ad Spend Grows to $10.9B,” by Nielsen, “The increase in TV ad spend mirrors a similar increase in the amount of live TV sports content available on TV and cable.” This just goes to show the popularity of sports increasing throughout the world.
Overall, I think Twitter is a great way for sports teams athletes to connect with their fans and to allow the games to grow. Although there is some controversy because of social media sites, it can easily be corrected through thinking before posting something inappropriate and bans on social media during games. Twitter has definitely revolutionized the way sports have been presented to society, and it will be interesting to see the changes in the future.
Works Cited
"Neilson Reports ." State of the Media: Year in Sports Advertising. N.p., 24 Jan. 2012. Web. 06 Apr. 2013.
Neilsen. "Year in Sports Advertising: TV Ad Spend Grows to $10.9B." N.p., 24 Jan. 2012. Web. 6 Apr. 2013.
The world of sports is a huge business. It is now a lot further reaching that it used to be with the use of social media. Today more than ever people are able to follow sports all the time whether it be on a mobile device. It possibly be that sports is making more money than ever before due to athletes, and sports teams using social media. "National TV sports generated $10.9 billion in advertising expenditure last year, compared to $10.3 billion one year prior, according to Nielsen’s State of the Media: Year in Sports (Neilson). There are many examples how social media especially twitter has benefitted both sports and the celebrity of the athlete.
ReplyDeleteThere are many polarizing stars in the NBA and with the advent of twitter many of the top players. Both LeBron James and Kobe Bryant are two of the brightest lights in the NBA. They also appeared as two of the top five rising and falling N-score stars on the, State of the Media: Year in Sports Advertising (Neilson). The two stars are also on twitter and have huge followings. On twitter we see the personal sides to our favorite athletes. LeBron James has a great amount of influence on the game of basketball and has 7,902,042 twitter followers. His tweets range from congratulations his teammates to for a big game to wishing Kevin Ware a speedy recovery. (Twitter). This allows his fans to get a glimpse of what he is portraying to be his personal candid moments. Another top NBA player Kobe Bryant recently joined twitter on January 4th 2013 (Twitter). He has promoted his page very well to his fans by sending tweets that he is going to follow a select number of fans on twitter (Twitter). Although he joined twitter this past January he has 1,870,075 followers and has definitely helped his brand.
Joining Twitter is not always the smartest move, especially if you do not have a good filter. In fact, putting your self on twitter can have many negative consequences for some people. An example of Twitter being bad is with Gilbert Arenas. Gilbert Arenas is a former NBA point guard who was on the verge of becoming a superstar until her was caught brining a gun into a locker room. He was always known to be a clown and he took his wackiness to Twitter that did not bode well for him. According to David Whitley's article, Gilbert Arenas' Twitter account is no more, but the damage is done, Arenas had very bizarre tweets that made him into a spectacle. One of his bizarre tweets to his 51,000 followers included, “morning twitter fam..i need me a slave to make me breakfast in the mornings..i guess yall might call them girlfriends...i’m hungry” (Sporting News). This is just one example of how Gilbert Arenas ruined his once beloved reputation. Not only what he said was sexist, it was also rude. Whitley believes that Arenas might have gotten all his Twitter followers from his obscene tweets.
Twitter is a very powerful tool that both celebrities and athlete's alike use to connect to their fans. It can be a great tool to help promote a brand and give fans access into what their favorite athlete is doing. On the other hand if it is misused it has be very damaging for careers, making them beyond repair.
Works Cited
Bryant, Kobe. "Twitter.com." Twitter.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Apr. 2013.
James, LeBron. Twitter.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Apr. 2013.
"Neilson Reports ." State of the Media: Year in Sports Advertising. N.p., 24 Jan. 2012. Web. 06 Apr. 2013.
Neilsen. "Year in Sports Advertising: TV Ad Spend Grows to $10.9B." N.p., 24 Jan. 2012. Web. 6 Apr. 2013.
Whitley, David. "Gilbert Arenas' Twitter Account Is No More, but the Damage Is Done." Sporting News. N.p., 31 Aug. 2011. Web. 07 Apr. 2013.
Like all social media outlets, Twitter has shaped the way people are getting their information especially with sports teams. People choose to follow certain people on these sites pertaining to their interests. With sports, it makes it easier for the follower to see and hear what they want by following their favorite teams and players.
ReplyDeleteRay brings up the most important point of all when he states that, “Not only do athletes have Twitter accounts, but coaches, teams, branches of teams (such as Public Relations and Marketing) do as well.” (Nesto) I am currently a Student Associate for MSG Networks which is a sports focused television network. The channel covers tri-state area hockey and basketball teams including NHL’s New York Rangers, New York Islanders, New Jersey Devils, NBA’s New York Knicks and the WNBA New York Liberty.
Just the other day I overheard the marketing department discussing that the sports reporters for the New York Rangers were not using their twitter accounts during the game as much as they would like. In order to draw viewers in, the network wants to have the sportscasters tweet LIVE during the game. From doing this, it will make fans tune in when reporter John Giannone tweets something like “Much aggravation and frustration on #NYR bench after Canes pressure left them scrambling in own end for stretches in 1st. NYR response needed.” (Giannone) By doing this, Rangers fans may tune in if they were not watching the game or if they just do not want to tune into a game that was going in the direction opposite of their favor. They may turn the game back on after this update.
Along with other social media platforms Twitter is such a sufficient way for these sports teams to access and reach out to their fans and followers. It is actually someone’s job to attend the games at Madison Square Garden so that they can post statuses and pictures to Twitter, Instagram and Facebook.
MSG network has many sponsors that incorporate their advertisements into the promotional commercials for the channel’s sports teams. During the Boomer and Carton commercial, viewers will notice the logo for Allstate Insurance Company which has a multi-year sponsorship with the company. Not only is the network promoting people to tune into the show, but it is also encouraging people to learn about or even buy that type of insurance. “National TV sports generated $10.9 billion in advertising expenditure last year, compared to $10.3 billion one year prior, according to Nielsen’s State of the Media: Year in Sports.” (Nielsen)
But what happens when incidents such as the 2012 NHL lockout happen? Networks like MSG suffer because they are forced to play re-runs of games in place of the previous scheduled games. The network had to get creative to gain viewers by doing things such as playing the New York Rangers quest for the cup in 1994. When you look at the statistics from the previous season, you wonder why people who are running the NHL would even want the teams, networks, and fans to suffer through not being able to watch their favorite sport. “The NHL got off to a strong start in the 2011-12 season as close to 5.3 million U.S. viewers watched at least a portion of some NHL action during the opening weekend (Oct 6 – 9, 2011) on a national broadcast or their local regional sports network.” (Nielsen)
"Neilson Reports." State of the Media: Year in Sports Advertising. N.p., 24 Jan. 2012. Web. 7 Apr. 2013.
Neilsen. "Year in Sports Advertising: TV Ad Spend Grows to $10.9B." N.p., 24 Jan. 2012. Web. 7 Apr. 2013.
It’s not just athletes on Twitter that seems to be exploding today – it’s sports presence on Twitter in general. Just a few days ago Robinson Cano dropped manager Scott Boras, who is incredibly notable in the industry, and signed with Jay-Z’s new management company. Twitter exploded with the news, giving Robinson Cano a huge boost at a time when the Yankees could really use some positive press.
ReplyDeleteTwitter is a perfect place for quick thoughts or updates, which is why sports seem to fit so well in the twitter universe. No longer do you have to wait to be updated on game scores, you just have to check twitter. More importantly, epic sports moments are literally snapshotted in time, forever in your Twitter timeline. And now, with the creation of new apps like Timehop, you can relieve that great sports moment on its anniversary every single year.
The Nielsen State of the Media: 2011 Year in Sports Report includes a chart of buzz on Twitter. This chart is filled with moments that define a season in sports. Opening the season, playoffs, and championships in various different sports all generated huge buzz. In addition to that, MOMENTS generated buzz. The ending of the NFL lockout. Jeter’s 3000th hit. Blake Griffin dunking over Kia. These were all huge moments, made huger by their presence on Twitter.
In “Why We Watch and Enjoy Mediated Sports”, author Raney discusses the various reasons of why people enjoy watching sports. While his article was written long before the popularity of Twitter, something stuck out to me. He writes that sports are social events, and one of the reasons people enjoy watching them is the interaction they get with other people. “Sports provide an opportunity for strangers to cheer together is common love or hatred of a team, to engage in lengthy debates over drinks, or to join hands in silent reverence as an injured competitor is carried from the field” (Raney, 326). Twitter has revolutionized the viewing of sports because you can now be alone, watching a game, and STILL have all of those feelings - you just have to tweet to all of your followers! With every retweet and favorite, you relive that moment. And with every other tweet that people are posting, conversation is being generated.
The idea of “trending” on Twitter is helping to popularize sports – especially college sports. This year, when Quinnipiac played Yale, Quinnipiac students tweeted about the game so much that #beatyale began to trend. And now, since the NCAA basketball tournaments, as well as the hockey tournaments, college teams are trending everyday. Athletes’ careers could explode if they generate enough buzz on social media. Right now, on twitter, #UConn and #ncaaWFF are trending, due to the UConn women’s basketball team beating Notre Dame in the final four. Women’s basketball used to be a sport that fell to the wayside – and now it’s trending on one of social media’s largest platforms.
Sources:
Nielsen, “State of the Media: 2011 Year in Sports”
Raney, Arthur A. “Why We Watch and Enjoy Mediated Sports,” Handbook of Sports Studies, Jay Coakley and Eric Dunning, eds. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2008: 313 - 29.
While social media has revolutionized daily life overall, it has definitely changed the world of sports. Twitter has given us immediate access to our favorite individual players, teams and even PR teams. We can get live updates as far as games go with scores or delays. We can also track how our players feel about games or even what they’re doing in their daily life.
ReplyDeleteMany athletes have personal Twitter accounts that generate quite a lot of buzz. For example, Kevin Garnett. Garnett is an NBA player on the Boston Celtics who made a comment about Carmelo Anthony’s wife on the New York Knicks. Anthony had even taken the tweet to the team bus to discuss it with Garnett. Athletes have also used Twitter to beat up on Kim Kardashian’s ex Kris Humphries. Kardashian’s current love interest, Kanye West has written about having “Jay drop him from the team” while Humphries fired back that the Garden (Madison Square Garden) was quiet when Humphries played. New York Knicks Players JR Smith tweeted that the Garden wasn’t quiet when Kanye had performed there recently.
Social media sites like Twitter have also changed how sports advertising can be tracked and measured. According to Nielson Year in Sports Advertising 2012, sports advertising has grown to $10.9 billion (Nielson 2012). While Nielson still measures actual TV viewing, advertising companies are using social media and hashtags to measure success and how many times a brand is mentioned. For example, “brand recall was 33 percent higher for Super Bowl ads with a social media tag (directing viewers to a link on Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, etc) than those without them (Nielson 2012). The Super Bowl is one of the most expensive advertising slots because it has the most viewers than any other time of the year. Companies want to make sure that their money is spent wisely and that consumers are responding to these high prices commercials. According to the 2011 Sports in Review” By Buzz chart, the NFL Super Bowl has the most buzz which is representing by “individual posts online that mention selected keywords or names” on Twitter and other sites (Nielson, 2012).
Twitter is also great for those of us who aren’t huge sports fans but still want to be filled in. For example, when the Kevin Ware incident happened which was probably one of the worst sports injuries ever. I was able to search for him on Twitter. His personal account came up so I was able to see how he was responding to the outpouring of support and interest in his injury as well as how he was feeling and how the team was doing. I was also able to see many pictures and video clips of the actual injury, how he was recovering such as pictures in the hospital and of him going home and the cover of him with his team on Sports Illustrated. All of this information and “backstage pass” was accessible to me in a matter of seconds to minutes thanks to social media sites like Twitter.
Work Cited
"Nielson Reports." State of the Media: Year in Sports Advertising. N.p., 24 Jan. 2012. Web. 7 Apr. 2013.
Nielsen. "Year in Sports Advertising: TV Ad Spend Grows to $10.9B." N.p., 24 Jan. 2012. Web. 7 Apr. 2013.
Part 1/2
ReplyDeleteThere is no doubt that sports make up a significantly large segment of the both the media and pop culture landscape, particularly in America. From simply experiencing enjoyment to taking part in the “thrill of victory” for their favorite team, there are many reasons why people choose to tune in (Raney 316). Major sporting events continue to draw massive audiences, as evidenced by the over 111 million people who viewed the Superbowl in 2011 (Nielsen 5). Fueling fanbases from football and basketball to motor sports and hockey, over 42,500 hours of live sporting events were aired on broadcast and cable television that same year (Nielsen 1).
Whether or not one is a fan of sports, they are difficult to evade entirely given their presence not only on television, but on the web as well. Social media is no exception. Much like other popular celebrities, today’s athletes are flocking to Twitter in order to increase their presence and interact with fans. Unlike a pop singer or movie star, however, a misguided tweet by an athlete can have much further-reaching consequences. They are at risk of harming not only their own image but possibly that of their whole team and, in some cases, even their entire country.
When discussing the topic of athletes and Twitter, one issue that immediately comes to mind is the string of controversies that took place prior to last year’s Olympic Games. Given Twitter’s four-year jump from six to 140 million users since the previous Olympics in Beijing, director of the Annenberg Institute of Sports, Media & Society Dan Durbin stated that it was almost inevitable that an athlete would take a social media misstep (Whiteside). Last year, the International Olympic Committee allowed the 10,000-plus athletes competing in the London games to Tweet freely, provided it was not for “commercial and/or advertising purposes” (Whiteside). Although the IOC encouraged their tweets to be dignified and in good taste, Olympic athletes began to abuse their privileges before the Games even began. The first incident occurred when 23-year-old Greek triple jump champion Paraskevi Papahristou tweeted a racist joke about Africans. Only a week later, Swiss soccer player Michel Morganella tweeted an offensive and disparaging comment about South Koreans (Martin). While both athletes later apologized for their actions, Papahristou was disqualified while Morganella was kicked off his team and stripped of his Olympic accreditation (Martin).
Part 2/2
ReplyDeleteIt seems as though Papahristou and Morganella did not take the time to consider the impact of their words, perhaps due to the fact that they do not have the widespread international fame and popularity of other athletes. As New York Times reporter Mary Pilon writes, the incidents “underscore the tension surrounding the growing number of athletes using social media platforms.” In choosing to use a forum as public as Twitter, Olympic athletes in particular must accept the responsibility of representing their countries well. One of the most important aspects of the Games is that they give countries the chance to showcase themselves to the world, as well as encourage friendly international relations and good sportsmanship. In the digital age, one offensive tweet or Facebook post by an athlete is all it takes to potentially damage not only their homeland’s image, but its relationship with other countries as well.
Works Cited
Martin, Adam. "Another Racist Twitter Scandal Gets Another Olympic Athlete the Boot." The Atlantic Wire. The Atlantic Monthly Group, 30 July 2012. Web. 08 Apr. 2013.
Pilon, Mary. "Twitter Comment Costs Greek Athlete Spot in Olympics." The New York Times. The New York Times, 26 July 2012. Web. 08 Apr. 2013.
Raney, Arthur A. “Why We Watch and Enjoy Mediated Sports,” Handbook of Sports Studies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2008: 313 - 29.
"State of the Media: 2011 Year in Sports." The Nielsen Company, 2012. Web. 8 Apr. 2013.
Whiteside, Kelly. "With Twitter Temptations, an Olympic Scandal Awaits." USAToday.com. Gannett, 20 July 2012. Web. 08 Apr. 2013.
Sporting events and the athletes playing in the games now have an increased following due to the online world. In prior years, sports news was accessed through the sports section in the newspaper, on the radio, and on a specific channel on cable. To this day my father has his car stereo constantly set to WEEI 93.7 FM radio station, where he gather’s Boston Sports News. Not only have fans online created a new platform for the sports industry but the stories that are newsworthy are different. WEEI has talk shows designated to discussing stories gathered from press conferences, recaps from recent games, and coaching or player statistics. Through sites like Twitter, the press and reporters are no longer the majority when it comes to reporting news. Fans and more importantly the players and coaches are commenting on current news and increasing a following for their name and the sport they are connected to.
ReplyDeleteTwitter allows users to form a personal connection with the media they are discussing and viewing. This personal connection leads to emotions and a sincere interest in various sports teams and players. In Arthur Raney’s article, “Why We Watch and Enjoy Mediated Sports,” he explains how mediated sports have an emotional and psychological purpose for consumers. “In general terms, people view mediated sports because they expect positive emotional impacts from their viewing.” (Raney, 315) In my opinion, the sporting event that draws the most emotion out of viewers is the Olympics. During the recent summer Olympics in London, fans were constantly posting on their personal Twitter accounts and following what was being said by athletes. Many hash tags and trends were created in response to the following that Olympic athletes received. Due to the allegiance citizens of the USA have to our country, the Olympics create a powerful following.
On Twitter, users are able to freely connect to those involved closely with the Olympics and build intense conversations with fellow viewers. Music artists and Hollywood celebrities are in on the action as well. Their following is reading what their favorite celebrity has to say as a fan of the Olympics and they continue the cycle by retweeting or replying to what is being said. The Olympic athletes create a celebrity status of their own and their fan base is no longer just talking about their performance in their chosen sport but reporting on scandals and personal stories. The entertainment industry picks up on who is trending across the media and it is then that we see reality shows like, “What Would Ryan Lochte Do?” The famous fab five brought a lot of attention to Gymnastics and to the five athletes individually. When the games ended, many of them went on to appear on television shows like, “Dancing with the Stars.”
With such a large following, athletes need to take precautions when posting on twitter. What they write in 140 characters or less can either benefit their career or harm it. What is said on Twitter can be translated in different ways. In the article, “To See and Be Seen: Celebrity Practice on Twitter,” the actions and celebrity relationships on Twitter are examined.
Like other public genres of social media, Twitter requires celebrity practitioners to negotiate a complicated social environment where fans, famous people, and intermediaries such as gossip columnists co-exist. These multiple audiences complicate self-presentation, since people present identity differently based on context. (Marwick & Boyd, 143)
Large sporting events draw out a lot of fans and this increases activity online. Fans and athletes themselves are connecting through social media and creating trends and attention along with the favorite sport.
Works Cited
Marwick, Alice and Danah Boyd, “To See and Be Seen: Celebrity Practice on Twitter,” Convergence 17.2 (2011): 139 – 158.
Raney, Arthur A. “Why We Watch and Enjoy Mediated Sports,” Handbook of Sports Studies, Jay Coakley and Eric Dunning, eds. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2008: 313 - 29.
I'm also a fan of different sports and I would like to know latest updates especially from college sports because I'm also a player like them and I also start following famous athletes on Twitter. I also start playing football and if you want to know more about this sports you can go at http://www.collegefootballfinal.com.
ReplyDelete